Learning Korean sentence structure is quick and easy. It is one of the best ways to start learning the language and having conversations right away.
Basic Korean sentence structure is made up of a subject, object, and verb structure. Looking at this sentence structure, we can say that it is quite different from how English sentences are structured. Another thing that differentiates it from another foreign language, like the English language, is the usage of subject and object markers.
There are many sentence structures, but the Korean sentence structure uses a subject and a verb at the most basic level. For example:
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To make the easiest or basic Korean sentence structure, all we need is a verb or an action word. That’s because the “I” part of a sentence is understood, which is a bit different than an English sentence. We can either explicitly say it (like in the “go” example above) or leave it out.
However, if you’re feeling motivated and want to up your Korean language skills, we have an easy method for memorizing Korean vocabulary.
These Korean sentence tips in this lesson use Hangul, the Korean alphabet. We also write them out for you in romanized English if you can’t read Hangul yet.
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If you haven’t learned to read Hangul, it should definitely be on your shortlist if you’re serious about learning the Korean language. It’s super easy, and you can learn it in less than 90 minutes!
The easiest way to make Korean sentences is by conjugating Korean verbs. Conjugating a verb simply means putting an ending onto the verb. Once you can conjugate a verb, you know how to make a Korean sentence!
The reason why is that one of the basic Korean sentence structures is just a single verb. You normally need a subject and a verb to make a sentence, but the subject is often understood in the Korean language. That is why you only need a verb. Once you know how to conjugate a verb, you can make basic Korean sentences.
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Let’s cover verb conjugation first since it will give you the building blocks for what you need for basic Korean sentence structure. Here’s what you need to know about conjugation.
If you’re unfamiliar with the term “conjugation, ” it simply means “dressing up, ” a verb with a different ending. Imagine a different set of clothing for different situations.
For example, you might dress up some verbs to represent past tense, some present tense, and some to talk about the future.
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You might also dress them up according to the level of formality you are using in the sentence. Sometimes fancy, sometimes casual, sometimes seasonal. The same verb, different look, depending on the situation!
For our first example, we can use the Korean verb 자다 (jada), which means “to sleep” in English. Conjugating this verb will allow us to express ourselves using four basic Korean sentences. You’ll find the verb root 자 (ja) in each of them. The 자 (ja) is bolded so you can see it more easily.
If you take out the 자 (ja) from each of the sentences above, you can see the grammar that we’re adding to the verb to create the sentences. These are some of the most common grammatical endings used in the Korean language. We’ll show you some more of these verb endings in a bit.
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Remember that the subject is understood in each of the sentences. That is why we only need a verb, not a subject. The subject is implied in each sentence.
The verb root 가 (ga) is found in the same place as the sentences using 자다 (jada | to sleep). We’re still using the same verb endings as we did with 자다 (jada).
By memorizing these few conjugations, we can plug in different verbs as we learn them and express ourselves using basic Korean sentences.
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The Korean Kickstarter is an 80/20 tool to equip you with the basics of Korean sentence structure. The term “80/20” means covering 20% of the material that will give you 80% of the results. With this tool used, you can make over 30 sentences in just a few minutes!
See the chart below for all of the different simple Korean sentences you can create. You can also download a PDF version of the chart here.
In the chart above, we have 8 different verbs. We can use each of these verbs along with the verb endings to create a simple sentence. To do this, we drop the –다 (-da) ending of the verb, which leaves the verb stem. Then, the new ending is applied to the stem.
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Sometimes there is a slight change to the verb stem, but it’s fairly minor. The main takeaway is that if you can follow the chart above, you’ll be able to create many simple Korean sentences in only a few minutes. Korean sentence structure holds true to these patterns most of the time, so recognizing these grammar consistencies is the key to building up your Korean sentence skills quickly!
Let’s go over the common Korean sentence structure patterns. To start, we need to first be familiar with how basic Korean sentence structures are set up. In an English sentence, the structure is usually Subject, Verb, Object (SVO).
Korean sentence structure is slightly different. The basic Korean sentence structure is Subject, Object, Verb (SOV). This is the same sentence structure you see in Japanese and to some extent German.
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저는 고양이를 봐요 (jeoneun goyangireul bwayo) would literally translate to “I the cat see.” This sentence uses the subject-object-verb pattern. It’s important to know that verbs (and adjectives) almost always come at the end of a sentence. More on that later.
Now that you know how to dress up (conjugate) verbs and create simple sentences, let’s mix it up with some other sentence patterns. We’ll cover some of the most common sentence structures. The example sentences will be in Hangul, but we’ll include the English translations, as well as some pronunciation help.
Since you already know how to conjugate the verbs, let’s put a subject in front of the verb for some extra Korean sentence structure variety. The subject-verb pattern is one of the most common of the basic Korean sentence structures. This sentence means “I want to sleep” in English.
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The 2nd sentence structure is a subject-adjective sentence. This Korean sentence structure is like the one above, except you’re going to swap out the verb with an adjective. Let’s stick with the same sleep theme. This Korean sentence means “I am tired” in English.
The next Korean sentence structure is just like the first one, except you’re going to toss in an object to spice things up. In this Korean sentence, the object refers to the noun “pizza.”
In the second case, the subject (“I”) is understood. Therefore, you can drop it from the sentence. Koreans often do this to simplify their speech.
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Among the sentence structures in the Korean language, the verb 이다 (ida) is unique. This is true if you speak English as well since the words “to be” in English change form as you conjugate them.
This sentence pattern allows you to say things about yourself or about other people. In other words, to say what things and people are. It’s an essential part of learning the Korean language and is similar to how you say it in English.
Note that when learning this grammar pattern, there is no space between the two words (the noun and the verb 이다 | ida) at the end of the sentence. It is attached to the second noun. The topic marker is attached to the first noun.
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Just like the verb 이다 (ida), the verb 아니다 (anida) is also a special case in the Korean language. The grammar for this sentence structure will be unique.
The verb 아니다 (anida) is used to express the opposite of 이다 (ida). Learning how to use this is useful for talking about what things are not.
Note that there is a space between the second noun and the verb 아니다 (anida). The topic marker is attached to the first noun, and the subject marker is attached to the second noun.
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You may ask “when should I use 저는 (jeoneun) vs 나는 (naneun)?” in a sentence. In the Korean language, the main difference between these Korean words is that 저는 (jeoneun) is more formal, and 나는 (naneun) is more informal. In English, we don’t separate out these formalities for the word “I”.
You should use 저는 (jeoneun) with people that you need to show respect. Examples of this would be someone older than you, or someone you don’t know well.
In this section, we’ll be learning about Korean particles (markers). We don’t use them in English, so they may be a new grammar concept for you.
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Learning them in-depth won’t be necessary, but it’s good to have a basic understanding since they’re a common part of Korean sentence structures. Start out by learning what they are and being able to recognize them.
Once you get the hang of basic sentence structures, then you can start to add Korean particles into your conversations. Keep in mind that Koreans often omit the Korean particles from sentences in spoken
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