In his inaugural speech, newly elected South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol was very succinct about his administration’s foreign policy agenda, which will focus on the promotion of a liberal democracy, freedoms and human rights. It is rather exceptional to witness South Korea’s commitment to promoting liberal values as part of its diplomatic priorities.
It can safely be assumed that the Yoon administration has several objectives in mind with such a values-based approach. First, Yoon wants to demonstrate his government’s desire to raise South Korea’s profile as a country with a “high moral barometer” at the global level. As the world’s 10th largest economy, South Korea is an Asian powerhouse and, from now on, it could serve as an Asian barometer for liberal democracy.
South Korea’s key ally will be pleased at such an orientation. For years, the US has wanted its allies in the Indo-Pacific to realign their overall policies with those of Washington. This must be the first time that one such ally has adopted a fully-fledged liberal and values-based foreign policy.
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Furthermore, the Yoon administration wants to strengthen ties with the US as well as Japan. During the Moon Jae-in administration, Seoul showed some diplomatic independence on cross-border issues. Most notably must have been his approach to India and ASEAN, as exemplified by the New Southern Policy (NSP). The new administration has yet to make a decision on whether to pursue the NSP approach.
It would be an asset for the new government to maintain the NSP, as it has already situated South Korea firmly in the regional scheme of things. For example, although Seoul was a latecomer to the development of the Mekong sub-region, its comprehensive approach and financial assistance to human capital development in the Mekong’s lower riparian countries have been well received. In addition, under the previous Moon administration, South Korea’s overall ties with ASEAN reached an all-time high. It is not an overstatement to say that the ASEAN-South Korea ties are catching up with those of the bloc with China and Japan.
South Korea also has big advantages over other Asian powerhouses, especially the “K-related” culture and popularity that permeates all spheres of modern life. The soft power of Korea has uplifted its regional, as well as its global role, to a higher plateau. Seoul hopes that this will, in the future, translate into smart power that further promotes its international standing.
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The new Korean leader has also made it clear that his government is willing to help North Korea to transform in all areas. In his speech, he said South Korea is prepared “to work with the international community to present an audacious plan that will vastly strengthen North Korea’s economy and improve the quality of life for its people”. Obviously, it would be up to Pyongyang to take up the overture. In a quick response to the recent surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in the brotherhood up north, Yoon declared that South Korea is ready to provide assistance that can to help alleviate the outbreak.
The impacts of a values-based comprehensive foreign policy of the Yoon administration remain to be seen. During the honeymoon period, the new Korean president will have to reaffirm the country’s alliance with the US, to ensure peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula, an issue that remains high on the US-South Korean agenda. Biden is making a three-day visit to Seoul, beginning Friday. Like his predecessors, unexpected security-related disruptions could occur at any time and lead to immediate policy changes.
Beyond strengthening ties with the US alliance and improving links with Japan, South Korea needs to increase its role in cooperating with the UN and its agencies to help alleviate poverty and promote global health security. South Korea is a fully developed Asian country with great potential to contribute to global public goals.This post, originally published on the afternoon of December 20, predicted that Saenuri—South Korea’s ruling party—was about to fracture between factions loyal or opposed to the impeached president, Park Geun-hye. On Wednesday morning in Seoul, the struggle for control in the party culminated in a decision by pro-Park forces not to accept Yoo Seong-min of the anti-Park faction as the party’s new leader. As a result, 35 members of the anti-Park coalition announced that they would formally withdraw from Saenuri on December 27 and form a new conservative party that would nominate its own presidential candidate. The withdrawal decision further upends the political landscape in advance of next year’s presidential election, adding to the domestic upheaval that Korea is likely to experience over the coming year.
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Many baby boomers consider Neil Sedaka’s 1962 song “Breaking Up Is Hard to Do” among the classics of American pop music. The beleaguered but deeply divided leaders of Saenuri, South Korea’s ruling party, seem determined to demonstrate otherwise.
In the aftermath of President Park Geun-hye’s impeachment by the National Assembly, the party remains sharply split between those loyal to President Park, and those intent on distancing the party (and themselves) from the president’s tainted legacy. The struggle seems likely to culminate this week, as rival political factions jostle for control in advance of the 2017 election, which (depending on the verdict of the Constitutional Court on the impeachment charges) will most likely occur next summer.
The anti-Park faction has designated Yoo Seong-min, an economist and one-time close ally of President Park, as its preferred candidate for party leadership. But Park loyalists, led by Chung Woo-taik, Saenuri’s floor leader and acting chairman, are balking at Yoo’s selection, arguing that someone not currently in the party and not serving in the National Assembly would be far preferable. Politics in Korea is deeply personal, and highly malleable. Beyond a basic left-right divide, political parties coalesce, divide, and rebrand with ample regularity, often linked to a particular leader.
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Speculation on an alternative candidate in Saenuri focuses primarily on U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, who will return to Korea next month following completion of his U.N. term, and appears to entertain presidential ambitions. However, in remarks late last week at the Council on Foreign Relations, Ban unambiguously distanced himself from President Park, declaring that millions of citizens “were very much frustrated and angry about the complete lack of good governance…they believed that the trust on and for the leadership of the country was betrayed.” Should Ban decide to enter the domestic political arena, it will not be as leader of a party still nominally led by Park Geun-hye.
If Park loyalists are not prepared to concede party leadership to Yoo (who is also a prospective presidential candidate), Saenuri seems virtually certain to split. The only question is which faction heads for the exits first, and the anti-Park forces seem the much more probable candidates. Yoo is expected to join forces with Kim Moo-sung, who mobilized sufficient votes within Saenuri in opposition to President Park to ensure her impeachment.
If Saenuri does indeed fracture, the battle for political identity in next year’s presidential election will have begun in earnest, and Neil Sedaka might need to contemplate new lyrics for his much beloved song.This article is about the politics of the Republic of Korea. For other uses, see Politics of Korea. For the article about the politics of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, see Politics of North Korea.
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The politics of South Korea take place in the framework of a presidtial represtative democratic republic, whereby the presidt is the head of state, and of a multi-party system. To sure a separation of powers, the Republic of Korea Governmt is made up of three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The governmt exercises executive power and legislative power is vested in both the governmt and the National Assembly. The judiciary is indepdt of the executive and the legislature and comprises a Supreme Court, appellate courts, and a Constitutional Court.
Since 1948, the constitution has undergone five major revisions, each signifying a new republic. The currt Sixth Republic began with the last major constitutional revision that took effect in 1988. From its founding until the June Democratic Struggle, the South Korean political system operated under an military authoritarian regime, with the freedom of assembly, association, expression, press and religion as well as civil society activism being tightly restricted. During that period, there were no freely elected national leaders, political opposition is suppressed, disst was not permitted and civil rights were curtailed.
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The presidt appoints the prime minister with approval of the National Assembly, as well as appointing and presiding over the State Council of chief ministers as the head of governmt. On 12 March 2004, the executive power of th Presidt Roh Moo-hyun was suspded wh the Assembly voted to impeach him and Prime Minister Goh Kun became an Acting Presidt. On 14 May 2004, the Constitutional Court overturned the impeachmt decision made by the Assembly and Roh was reinstated.
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