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In this article I am surveying several possible loanwords from Koreanic languages (probably Kogu-ryǒ and/or Bo-hai) into the Khitan language. Apart from explaining the origin of some of the Khitan words that have no Mongolic, other Central Asian, or Chinese etymologies, I will demonstrate that these loanwords can shed light on the decipherment of Khitan characters with unknown readings, and therefore advance the reconstruction and reading of the Khitan language itself.
It is generally accepted that the processes whereby loanwords are copied to the target language's phonology are fundamentally different from language-internal sound changes. Unlike language-internal sound changes, which occur when the speakers responsible are fully capable of the phonology of the input source and the sound changes occur across the entire lexicon, loans tend to be ad hoc, show inconsistent correspondences, and need only meet well-formedness conditions within the target language. This paper argues that this is true of small-scale borrowing, but large-scale borrowing, by contrast, occurs only if the target-language speakers responsible for the loans have a certain degree of competency in the source language and its phonology, and that consequently large-scale copying is parallel to language-internal sound changes, and can be reduced to sound change rules. It is argued that the correspondences found in forms of English loans in Korean may be reduced to a set of sequenced rules, and that most exceptions to these rules are explicable in much the same way as exceptions to language-internal sound change rules: different source varieties, and orthographic influence.
Pdf) Basic Russian Dictionary
Bartos, Huba – den Dikken, Marcell – Bánréti, Zoltán – Váradi, Tamás (eds.) Boundaries Crossed, at the Interfaces of Morphosyntax, Phonology, Pragmatics and Semantics. (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 94). Springer 51–66.
The aim of this paper is to describe loanword adaptation strategies in Russian loanwords of Mansi dialects with special reference to word-initial complex onsets, and to examine the interdependence between the repair strategies of Mansi and the phonetic properties of complex onsets. It attempts to prove that the primary driving forces behind those repair strategies are not phonotactic constraints but perceptual properties of the clusters. This diachronic approach takes issue with purely structural (syllable structure preserving) or phonological explanations and favours those that claim phonetic conditioning of these processes, leading uniformly to phonotactic adaptations, i.e., it hypothesises cause-and-effect relationships between them. The analysis will focus exclusively on relatively recent data of Mansi dialect groups of the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries. 1 1 Introduction There are two primary aims of this study: 1. To discuss the typology of loanword adaptation strategies in Russian loanwords of Mansi dialects with special reference to word-initial complex onsets. 2. To examine the interdependence between the repair strategies of Mansi and the phonetic properties of complex onsets. The primary research question is how it is possible to prove that what drive the relevant repair strategies are not phonotactic forces but perceptual properties of the clusters. If all repair strategies of Mansi in the adaptation of Russian loanwords targeted the elimination of initial consonant clusters, an onset type not existing in native Mansi, how could we explain the fact that quite different strategies are applied to phonologically identical cluster types? In the growing body of literature on loanword adaptation, models are ranging from phonological (e.g. Prince and Smolensky 2004; LaCharité and Paradis 2005) and purely phonotactic (e.g.
This article argues for new internal evidence for the existence of the contrast between *r and *l in Old Korean and Proto-Korean on the basis of the Hyangchal data and Old Japanese transcriptional glosses as well as Korean loanwords in Manchu and Jurchen that were not analyzed in this way before. Namely, I will argue that combined Old Korean and Middle Korean data call for the reconstruction of two different types of liquids in the position before *i: both stay intact in Old Korean, but in Middle Korean the first type undergoes elision, whereas the second type stays intact. I then attempt to identify these two types on the basis of the internal evidence and parallel phenomena attested in the Greater Manchuria linguistic area and elsewhere.
Russian English Bilingual Visual Dictionary (dk Bilingual Dictionaries)
Bartos, Huba – den Dikken, Marcell – Bánréti, Zoltán – Váradi, Tamás (eds.) Boundaries Crossed, at the Interfaces of Morphosyntax, Phonology, Pragmatics and Semantics. (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 94). Springer 51–66.
The aim of this paper is to describe loanword adaptation strategies in Russian loanwords of Mansi dialects with special reference to word-initial complex onsets, and to examine the interdependence between the repair strategies of Mansi and the phonetic properties of complex onsets. It attempts to prove that the primary driving forces behind those repair strategies are not phonotactic constraints but perceptual properties of the clusters. This diachronic approach takes issue with purely structural (syllable structure preserving) or phonological explanations and favours those that claim phonetic conditioning of these processes, leading uniformly to phonotactic adaptations, i.e., it hypothesises cause-and-effect relationships between them. The analysis will focus exclusively on relatively recent data of Mansi dialect groups of the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries. 1 1 Introduction There are two primary aims of this study: 1. To discuss the typology of loanword adaptation strategies in Russian loanwords of Mansi dialects with special reference to word-initial complex onsets. 2. To examine the interdependence between the repair strategies of Mansi and the phonetic properties of complex onsets. The primary research question is how it is possible to prove that what drive the relevant repair strategies are not phonotactic forces but perceptual properties of the clusters. If all repair strategies of Mansi in the adaptation of Russian loanwords targeted the elimination of initial consonant clusters, an onset type not existing in native Mansi, how could we explain the fact that quite different strategies are applied to phonologically identical cluster types? In the growing body of literature on loanword adaptation, models are ranging from phonological (e.g. Prince and Smolensky 2004; LaCharité and Paradis 2005) and purely phonotactic (e.g.
This article argues for new internal evidence for the existence of the contrast between *r and *l in Old Korean and Proto-Korean on the basis of the Hyangchal data and Old Japanese transcriptional glosses as well as Korean loanwords in Manchu and Jurchen that were not analyzed in this way before. Namely, I will argue that combined Old Korean and Middle Korean data call for the reconstruction of two different types of liquids in the position before *i: both stay intact in Old Korean, but in Middle Korean the first type undergoes elision, whereas the second type stays intact. I then attempt to identify these two types on the basis of the internal evidence and parallel phenomena attested in the Greater Manchuria linguistic area and elsewhere.
Russian English Bilingual Visual Dictionary (dk Bilingual Dictionaries)
Bartos, Huba – den Dikken, Marcell – Bánréti, Zoltán – Váradi, Tamás (eds.) Boundaries Crossed, at the Interfaces of Morphosyntax, Phonology, Pragmatics and Semantics. (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 94). Springer 51–66.
The aim of this paper is to describe loanword adaptation strategies in Russian loanwords of Mansi dialects with special reference to word-initial complex onsets, and to examine the interdependence between the repair strategies of Mansi and the phonetic properties of complex onsets. It attempts to prove that the primary driving forces behind those repair strategies are not phonotactic constraints but perceptual properties of the clusters. This diachronic approach takes issue with purely structural (syllable structure preserving) or phonological explanations and favours those that claim phonetic conditioning of these processes, leading uniformly to phonotactic adaptations, i.e., it hypothesises cause-and-effect relationships between them. The analysis will focus exclusively on relatively recent data of Mansi dialect groups of the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries. 1 1 Introduction There are two primary aims of this study: 1. To discuss the typology of loanword adaptation strategies in Russian loanwords of Mansi dialects with special reference to word-initial complex onsets. 2. To examine the interdependence between the repair strategies of Mansi and the phonetic properties of complex onsets. The primary research question is how it is possible to prove that what drive the relevant repair strategies are not phonotactic forces but perceptual properties of the clusters. If all repair strategies of Mansi in the adaptation of Russian loanwords targeted the elimination of initial consonant clusters, an onset type not existing in native Mansi, how could we explain the fact that quite different strategies are applied to phonologically identical cluster types? In the growing body of literature on loanword adaptation, models are ranging from phonological (e.g. Prince and Smolensky 2004; LaCharité and Paradis 2005) and purely phonotactic (e.g.
This article argues for new internal evidence for the existence of the contrast between *r and *l in Old Korean and Proto-Korean on the basis of the Hyangchal data and Old Japanese transcriptional glosses as well as Korean loanwords in Manchu and Jurchen that were not analyzed in this way before. Namely, I will argue that combined Old Korean and Middle Korean data call for the reconstruction of two different types of liquids in the position before *i: both stay intact in Old Korean, but in Middle Korean the first type undergoes elision, whereas the second type stays intact. I then attempt to identify these two types on the basis of the internal evidence and parallel phenomena attested in the Greater Manchuria linguistic area and elsewhere.
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